1. Dab tsi yog qhov hloov pauv?
Kev sib pauv, hloov pauv yog raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev xa cov ntaub ntawv, cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau xa los ntawm phau ntawv lossis cov khoom siv mus rau cov kev coj ua kom tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Kev hloov pauv dav dav yog ib yam khoom siv ua tiav cov ntaub ntawv sib pauv ua haujlwm hauv kev sib txuas lus. Cov txheej txheem no yog kev sib pauv khoom cuav. Ntawm chav kawm, tam sim no peb twb tau nrov cov kev pab cuam tswj keyboards, cov txheej txheem pauv yog tsis siv neeg. Hauv lub computer network system, lub tswv yim ntawm kev sib pauv yog kev txhim kho ntawm kev sib koom ua haujlwm. Peb tau qhia HUB hub yog ib yam khoom sib koom, HUB nws tus kheej tsis tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas qhov chaw nyob, thaum tib lub LAN host rau B host cov ntaub ntawv, cov ntaub ntawv ntim hauv lub network tau tshaj tawm, los ntawm txhua lub davhlau ya nyob twg, los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj Baotou chaw nyob cov ntaub ntawv los txiav txim seb puas yuav tau txais. Qhov ntawd yog hais tias, nyob rau hauv txoj kev no ntawm kev ua haujlwm, tsuas yog ib txheej ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thav ntawv tuaj yeem xa mus rau hauv lub network tib lub sijhawm, thiab yog tias muaj kev sib tsoo, koj yuav tsum sim dua. Txoj kev no yog los qhia lub network bandwidth. Qhov hloov pauv muaj lub tsheb npav loj heev rov qab thiab kev sib pauv hauv matrix. Tag nrho cov chaw nres nkoj ntawm qhov hloov pauv tau txuas nrog lub npav rov qab. Tom qab qhov kev tswj xyuas tau txais cov pob ntawv, qhov chaw nres nkoj yuav pom lub rooj tswj chaw nyob hauv lub cim xeeb los txiav txim siab NIC (network card) ntawm MAC (qhov chaw nyob hardware ntawm daim npav network) mus rau qhov chaw nres nkoj los ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj, sib pauv lub sijhawm. mus "kawm" qhov chaw nyob tshiab thiab ntxiv rau hauv lub rooj chaw nyob sab hauv. Txauv thiab hloov tau los ntawm kev sib txuas lus hauv xov tooj (PSTN), tam sim no peb tuaj yeem pom hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab qub: tus thawj (hu rau tus neeg siv) khaws lub microphone mus rau co, bureau yog ib kab ntawm lub tshuab xaim tag nrho, hnav lub mloog pob ntseg hu tom qab. tau txais cov kev xav tau kev sib txuas, muab cov xov nyob rau hauv qhov sib thooj tawm, tsim kev sib txuas rau ob tus neeg siv khoom kawg, kom txog rau thaum kawg ntawm kev hu. Qhov no tseem tuaj yeem "seem" lub network, qhov twg qhov hloov pauv tsuas yog tso cai rau lub network tsim nyog los ntawm kev hloov. Los ntawm kev hloov lim dej thiab xa mus, nws tuaj yeem cais tawm cov cua daj cua dub zoo, txo qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov pob ntawv cuav thiab cov pob ntawv tsis raug, thiab tsis txhob muaj kev sib cav sib ceg. Qhov hloov pauv tuaj yeem hloov pauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ntau khub ntawm cov chaw nres nkoj tib lub sijhawm. Txhua qhov chaw nres nkoj tuaj yeem suav tau tias yog ntu ntu sib txuas, thiab lub network txuas nrog nws ib leeg nyiam tag nrho cov bandwidth, tsis tas yuav muaj kev sib tw nrog lwm cov khoom siv. Thaum node A xa cov ntaub ntawv mus rau node D, node B tuaj yeem xa cov ntaub ntawv mus rau ntawm C nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, thiab ob qho tib si kev xa tawm txaus siab rau tag nrho cov bandwidth ntawm lub network thiab muaj lawv tus kheej kev sib txuas virtual. Yog tias 10Mbps Ethernet hloov pauv tau siv ntawm no, tag nrho cov kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov sib npaug yog 210Mbps = 20Mbps, thiab kev siv HUB sib koom ntawm 10Mbps, tag nrho cov kev ncig ntawm HUB yuav tsis pub tshaj 10Mbps. Nyob rau hauv luv luv, tus hloov yog ib tug network ntaus ntawv raws li MAC chaw nyob txheeb xyuas thiab muaj peev xwm ua kom tiav lub luag hauj lwm ntawm encapsulating thiab xa mus rau cov ntaub ntawv packets. Hloov tau"
2. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm qhov hloov pauv yog dab tsi?
"Exchange" yog lo lus nquag tshaj plaws hauv Is Taws Nem niaj hnub no, los ntawm kev txuas mus rau txoj kev mus rau ATM rau hauv xov tooj, nws tuaj yeem siv tau, tsis yog qhov sib pauv tiag tiag. Qhov tseeb, lo lus pauv tau tshwm sim thawj zaug hauv xov tooj, uas yog hais txog kev sib pauv ntawm lub suab teeb liab ntawm ob lub xov tooj sib txawv, thiab cov cuab yeej ua tiav cov haujlwm yog lub xov tooj hloov. Yog li ntawd, raws li lub hauv paus npaj, kev sib pauv tsuas yog ib lub tswv yim kev, uas yog, ua kom tiav kev xa tawm ntawm lub teeb liab los ntawm lub cuab yeej nkag mus rau qhov tawm. Yog li ntawd, txhua yam khoom siv ntev npaum li lawv muaj thiab ua tau raws li cov ntsiab lus yuav raug hu ua hloov khoom siv. Yog li, "hloov" yog ib lo lus dav dav uas tau hais txog lub cuab yeej txuas txuas thaum nws siv los piav txog txheej thib ob ntawm cov ntaub ntawv network, thiab cov cuab yeej routing thaum nws siv los piav txog cov cuab yeej ntawm txheej thib peb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv network. . Ethernet hloov peb feem ntau tham txog yog qhov ua tau ntau qhov chaw nres nkoj thib ob txheej txheej network khoom siv raws li choj thev naus laus zis, uas muab qis latency thiab qis nyiaj siv ua haujlwm rau kev xa tawm cov ntaub ntawv thav ntawv los ntawm ib qho chaw nres nkoj mus rau lwm qhov. Yog li, yuav tsum muaj kev sib pauv hloov pauv hauv lub hauv paus ntawm qhov hloov pauv uas muab txoj hauv kev rau kev sib txuas lus ntawm ob lub chaw nres nkoj, lossis lub tsheb npav ceev ceev xa cov ntaub ntawv tau txais los ntawm ib qho chaw nres nkoj los ntawm lwm qhov chaw nres nkoj. Hauv cov cuab yeej siv tau zoo, kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev sib pauv matrix feem ntau ua tiav los ntawm cov nti tshwj xeeb (ASIC). Tsis tas li ntawd, ethernet hloov hauv lub tswv yim tsim muaj ib qho kev xav tseem ceeb, uas yog kev sib pauv ntawm cov tub ntxhais ceev ceev heev, yog li ntawd feem ntau cov ntaub ntawv tsheb loj yuav tsis ua rau nws cov congestion, nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, muaj peev xwm pauv cov txheeb ze ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab. infinite (ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, ATM hloov hauv lub tswv yim tsim yog, tias kev sib pauv peev xwm ntawm tus txheeb ze rau cov ntaub ntawv raug txwv). Txawm hais tias lub ethernet tier 2 hloov yog nyob ntawm ntau qhov chaw nres nkoj, kev hloov pauv muaj nws cov yam ntxwv zoo dua, uas tsis yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws kom tau txais ntau bandwidth, tab sis kuj ua rau lub network yooj yim los tswj.
3 Daim ntawv thov hloov
Raws li cov cuab yeej txuas tseem ceeb ntawm LAN, Ethernet hloov tau dhau los ua ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv nrov tshaj plaws. Nrog rau kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm kev sib pauv thev naus laus zis, tus nqi ntawm Ethernet hloov tau poob qis, thiab pauv mus rau desktop tau yog qhov sib txawv. Yog tias koj Ethernet muaj ntau tus neeg siv, cov ntawv thov tsis khoom, thiab ntau cov servers, thiab koj tsis tau hloov pauv rau nws cov qauv, tag nrho cov kev ua haujlwm hauv network tuaj yeem qis heev. Ib qho kev daws teeb meem yog ntxiv 10 / 100Mbps hloov mus rau Ethernet, uas tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog ua haujlwm Ethernet cov ntaub ntawv ntws ntawm 10Mbps, tab sis kuj txhawb kev sib txuas ceev Ethernet ntawm 100Mbps. Yog tias kev siv network ntau dua 40% thiab qhov sib tsoo tus nqi ntau dua 10%, qhov hloov pauv tuaj yeem pab koj daws tau me ntsis. Hloov nrog 100Mbps ceev Ethernet thiab 10Mbps Ethernet ports tuaj yeem khiav hauv tag nrho duplex, nrog rau 20Mbps rau 200Mbps kev sib txuas tau tsim. Tsis tsuas yog cov kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov keyboards sib txawv hauv qhov sib txawv network ib puag ncig, tab sis kuj muaj qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev ntxiv cov keyboards tshiab thiab cov keyboards uas twb muaj lawm hauv tib lub network ib puag ncig. Kev nkag siab tag nrho thiab kev paub txog kev khiav tsheb ntawm lub network yog qhov tseem ceeb heev los ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev hloov. Vim tias lub hom phiaj ntawm kev siv qhov hloov pauv yog kom deb li deb tau los txo thiab lim cov ntaub ntawv ntws hauv lub network, yog li yog tias qhov hloov pauv hauv lub network vim qhov chaw teeb tsa tsis raug, yuav luag xav tau xa mus rau tag nrho cov pob ntawv tau txais, hloov tsis tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm optimizing network kev ua tau zoo, tab sis txo cov ntaub ntawv xa mus ceev, nce lub network ncua. Ntxiv rau qhov chaw teeb tsa, nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tsis zoo yog tias cov keyboards kuj tseem blindly ntxiv rau hauv cov tes hauj lwm uas tsis tshua muaj load thiab cov ntaub ntawv tsawg. Kev cuam tshuam los ntawm lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm pob ntawv, qhov tsis zoo ntawm qhov hloov pauv thiab qhov yuav tsum tau rov tsim cov pob ntawv tshiab, siv HUB yooj yim yog qhov zoo dua rau qhov no. Yog li, peb tsis tuaj yeem xav tias cov keyboards muaj qhov zoo dua HUB, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum tus neeg siv lub network tsis muaj neeg coob thiab muaj ntau qhov chaw, siv HUB tuaj yeem siv tag nrho cov peev txheej uas twb muaj lawm ntawm lub network.
4. Peb hom kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov hloov
1. Ncaj-dhau hom (txiav dhau)
Ethernet hloov hauv hom ncaj qha tuaj yeem nkag siab zoo li kab matrix xov tooj hloov ntawm cov chaw nres nkoj. Thaum qhov chaw nres nkoj nkag pom cov ntaub ntawv pob, nws tshawb xyuas lub header ntawm pob, tau txais lub hom phiaj chaw nyob ntawm pob, pib lub rooj tshawb nrhiav sab hauv kom hloov mus rau hauv qhov chaw tso zis sib txuas, txuas ntawm kev sib tshuam ntawm cov tswv yim thiab cov zis, thiab txuas cov ntaub ntawv pob ntawv mus rau qhov chaw sib txuas kom paub txog kev sib pauv ua haujlwm. Tsis muaj qhov yuav tsum tau khaws cia, qhov ncua sij hawm me me thiab kev sib pauv tau nrawm heev, uas yog nws qhov zoo dua. Qhov tsis zoo yog vim tias pob ntawv cov ntsiab lus tsis tau txais kev cawmdim los ntawm Ethernet hloov, nws tsis tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas seb cov pob ntawv xa mus tsis raug thiab tsis tuaj yeem muab qhov yuam kev tshawb pom. Txij li thaum tsis muaj cache, cov tswv yim / tso tawm cov chaw nres nkoj nrog cov nqi sib txawv tsis tuaj yeem txuas ncaj qha thiab yooj yim kom poob pob ntawv.
2. Cia thiab xa mus (Khw & Forward)
Kev khaws cia thiab xa tawm hom yog txoj kev siv dav tshaj plaws hauv kev siv computer network. Nws khaws cov pob ntawv ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj nkag ua ntej, thiab tom qab ntawd ua CRC (cyclic redundancy code check) check. Tom qab ua tiav cov pob ntawv yuam kev, lub hom phiaj chaw nyob ntawm pob ntawv raug tshem tawm, thiab xa cov pob ntawv mus rau hauv qhov chaw tso zis los ntawm lub rooj tshawb nrhiav. Vim li no, kev cia thiab xa tawm hom muaj qhov ncua sij hawm loj hauv kev ua cov ntaub ntawv, uas yog nws qhov tsis muaj peev xwm, tab sis nws tuaj yeem ntes cov ntaub ntawv pob nkag mus rau qhov hloov pauv thiab txhim kho lub network kev ua haujlwm zoo. Tshwj xeeb, nws tuaj yeem pab txhawb kev hloov pauv ntawm cov chaw nres nkoj ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv, tswj kev sib koom tes ntawm cov chaw nres nkoj siab ceev thiab cov chaw nres nkoj qis.
3. Fragment rho tawm (Fragment Free)
Qhov no yog ib qho kev daws qhov chaw nyob nruab nrab ntawm thawj ob. Nws xyuas seb lub pob ntawv puas yog 64 bytes, thiab yog tias nws tsawg dua 64 bytes, nws yog cuav; yog tias nws yog ntau tshaj 64 bytes, pob ntawv xa tuaj. Txoj kev no kuj tsis muab cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj. Nws cov ntaub ntawv ua nrawm nrawm dua li kev cia thiab xa mus, tab sis qeeb dua li hom ncaj qha.
5 Hloov kev faib tawm
Hais dav dav, cov keyboards tau muab faib ua ob hom: WAN hloov thiab LAN hloov. WAN keyboards feem ntau yog siv hauv kev sib txuas lus, muab lub platform yooj yim rau kev sib txuas lus. Thiab LAN keyboards yog siv rau cov cheeb tsam hauv cheeb tsam los txuas cov khoom siv hauv zos, xws li PCs thiab network printers. Los ntawm qhov nruab nrab kis tau tus mob thiab kis ceev tau muab faib ua Ethernet hloov, ceev Ethernet hloov, Gigabit Ethernet hloov, FDDI hloov, ATM hloov thiab token nplhaib hloov. Los ntawm daim ntawv thov teev, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua qib kev hloov pauv, chav haujlwm hloov pauv thiab pab pawg ua haujlwm hloov. Qhov ntsuas ntawm txhua qhov chaw tsim khoom tsis yog tib yam nkaus. Feem ntau hais lus, kev hloov pauv qib kev lag luam yog hom khib, thaum lub luag haujlwm qib hloov pauv tuaj yeem yog hom khib (tsawg tus lej) lossis hom kev teeb tsa ruaj khov, thaum ua haujlwm pab pawg hloov pauv tau kho hom kev teeb tsa (kuj yooj yim ua haujlwm). Ntawm qhov tod tes, los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm daim ntawv teev npe, raws li cov pob txha pob txha hloov, cov keyboards rau cov lag luam loj nrog ntau tshaj 500 cov ntaub ntawv cov ntsiab lus yog cov lag luam-theem keyboards, keyboards rau cov lag luam nruab nrab hauv qab 300 cov ntsiab lus yog cov chaw hloov chaw, thiab hloov hauv 100 cov ntaub ntawv. cov ntsiab lus yog pab pawg ua haujlwm qib hloov.
6 Hloov ua haujlwm
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov pauv suav nrog
Lub cev qhov chaw
Network topology qauv
yuam kev kuaj
Ncej ib ntus raws li kev tswj hwm ntws
VLAN (virtual LAN)
Txuas kev sib txuas
firewall
Ntxiv rau qhov muaj peev xwm txuas tau rau tib hom kev tes hauj lwm, cov keyboards kuj tseem tuaj yeem sib txuas ntawm ntau hom kev tes hauj lwm (xws li Ethernet thiab Fast Ethernet). Ntau lub keyboards niaj hnub no tuaj yeem muab cov chaw nres nkoj sib txuas ceev uas txhawb nqa ceev Ethernet lossis FDDI, thiab lwm yam, txhawm rau txuas rau lwm cov keyboards hauv lub network lossis muab bandwidth ntxiv rau cov servers tseem ceeb nrog kev siv bandwidth loj. Feem ntau, txhua qhov chaw nres nkoj ntawm qhov hloov pauv yog siv los txuas ib ntu ntawm lub network sib cais, tab sis qee zaum muab kev nkag mus tau nrawm dua, peb tuaj yeem txuas qee lub khoos phis tawj tseem ceeb ncaj qha mus rau qhov chaw nres nkoj hloov. Ua li no, cov servers tseem ceeb thiab cov neeg siv tseem ceeb ntawm lub network yuav muaj kev nkag tau sai dua thiab txhawb nqa cov ntaub ntawv ntau dua.
Txog Peb
Hloov kev faib ua txhaum cai:
Hloov faults feem ntau yuav muab faib ua hardware faults thiab software faults. Hardware tsis ua hauj lwm feem ntau yog hais txog qhov tsis ua hauj lwm ntawm kev hloov hluav taws xob, rov qab, module, chaw nres nkoj thiab lwm yam, uas tuaj yeem muab faib ua pawg hauv qab no.
(1) Lub zog tsis ua haujlwm:
Lub zog hluav taws xob puas lawm los yog lub kiv cua nres vim qhov tsis ruaj khov rau sab nraud fais fab, lossis cov kab hluav taws xob laus, hluav taws xob zoo li qub lossis hluav taws xob tawm tsam, yog li nws tsis tuaj yeem ua haujlwm li qub. Kev puas tsuaj rau lwm qhov ntawm lub tshuab vim lub hwj chim mov kuj feem ntau tshwm sim. Raws li qhov kev ua txhaum no, peb yuav tsum ua ntej ua txoj haujlwm zoo ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sab nraud, qhia cov kab hluav taws xob ywj pheej los muab cov hluav taws xob ywj pheej, thiab ntxiv cov tswj hluav taws xob kom tsis txhob muaj hluav taws xob tam sim lossis qhov tshwm sim tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob. Feem ntau hais lus, muaj ob txoj hauv kev siv hluav taws xob, tab sis vim muaj ntau yam, nws tsis tuaj yeem muab ob lub zog rau txhua qhov hloov. UPS (khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam) tuaj yeem muab ntxiv los ua kom lub zog ib txwm muaj ntawm qhov hloov pauv, thiab nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv UPS uas muab kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev ntsuas kev tiv thaiv xob laim yuav tsum tau teeb tsa hauv chav tshuab kom tsis txhob muaj kev puas tsuaj ntawm xob laim mus rau qhov hloov.
(2) Chaw nres nkoj tsis ua haujlwm:
qhov no yog cov khoom siv tsis zoo tshaj plaws, txawm tias nws yog qhov chaw nres nkoj fiber ntau lossis twisted khub RJ-45 chaw nres nkoj, yuav tsum tau ceev faj thaum ntsaws thiab ntsaws qhov txuas. Yog tias lub ntsaws fiber ntau yog qhov qias neeg, nws yuav ua rau qhov chaw nres nkoj fiber ntau muaj kuab paug thiab tsis tuaj yeem sib txuas lus ib txwm. Peb feem ntau pom ntau tus neeg nyiam nyob rau ntsaws lub connector, nyob rau hauv txoj kev xav, nws yog ok, tab sis qhov no kuj inadvertently nce qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj tsis ua hauj lwm. Kev saib xyuas thaum tuav yuav ua rau lub cev puas tsuaj rau qhov chaw nres nkoj. Yog tias qhov loj ntawm lub taub hau siv lead ua loj, nws kuj yog ib qho yooj yim los rhuav tshem qhov chaw nres nkoj thaum ntxig qhov hloov. Tsis tas li ntawd, yog tias ib feem ntawm cov twisted khub txuas nrog rau qhov chaw nres nkoj raug tawm sab nraud, yog tias lub cable raug xob laim, qhov hloov chaw nres nkoj yuav puas lossis ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj ntau dua. Feem ntau, qhov chaw nres nkoj tsis ua haujlwm yog kev puas tsuaj rau ib lossis ntau qhov chaw nres nkoj. Yog li ntawd, tom qab tshem tawm qhov txhaum ntawm lub khoos phis tawj txuas nrog lub chaw nres nkoj, koj tuaj yeem hloov qhov chaw nres nkoj txuas los txiav txim seb puas puas. Rau qhov tsis ua haujlwm zoo li no, ntxuav qhov chaw nres nkoj nrog lub pob cawv cawv tom qab lub hwj chim raug kaw. Yog tias qhov chaw nres nkoj puas lawm, qhov chaw nres nkoj tsuas yog hloov pauv.
(3) Module tsis ua haujlwm:
qhov hloov pauv yog tsim los ntawm ntau lub modules, xws li stacking module, tswj module (tseem hu ua tswj module), expansion module, thiab lwm yam. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tsis ua hauj lwm ntawm cov modules no tsawg heev, tab sis thaum muaj teeb meem, lawv yuav. raug kev poob nyiaj txiag loj heev. Cov kev ua tsis tiav no tuaj yeem tshwm sim yog tias lub module raug teeb meem ntsaws rau hauv, lossis qhov hloov pauv tau sib tsoo, lossis lub zog tsis ruaj khov. Tau kawg, peb lub modules uas tau hais los saum toj no tag nrho muaj cov kev sib txuas sab nraud, uas yog qhov yooj yim los txheeb xyuas, thiab qee qhov tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas qhov txhaum los ntawm qhov taw qhia lub teeb ntawm lub module. Piv txwv li, lub stacked module muaj lub tiaj tus trapezoidal chaw nres nkoj, los yog ib co keyboards muaj ib tug zoo li USB interface. Muaj CONSOLE chaw nres nkoj ntawm kev tswj module rau kev sib txuas nrog lub network tswj lub computer kom tswj tau yooj yim. Yog hais tias lub expansion module yog fiber ntau txuas, muaj ib khub ntawm fiber ntau interfaces. Thaum daws teeb meem xws li kev ua txhaum, ua ntej xyuas kom meej lub zog ntawm qhov hloov thiab module, tom qab ntawd xyuas seb txhua qhov module puas tau muab tso rau hauv txoj haujlwm raug, thiab thaum kawg xyuas seb lub cable txuas lub module puas zoo li qub. Thaum txuas cov kev tswj hwm module, nws yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab seb nws puas siv cov kev sib txuas uas tau teev tseg, seb puas muaj kev txheeb xyuas qhov sib luag, seb puas muaj cov ntaub ntawv ntws tswj thiab lwm yam. Thaum txuas cov module txuas ntxiv, koj yuav tsum xyuas seb nws puas haum rau hom kev sib txuas lus, xws li siv hom puv duplex lossis ib nrab-duplex hom. Tau kawg, yog tias nws tau lees paub tias lub module yog qhov tsis raug, tsuas muaj ib qho kev daws teeb meem xwb, uas yog, koj yuav tsum hu rau tus neeg muag khoom tam sim ntawd los hloov nws.
(4) Backplane tsis ua haujlwm:
txhua qhov module ntawm qhov hloov pauv tau txuas nrog lub nraub qaum. Yog tias ib puag ncig ntub dej, lub rooj tsav xwm hauv Circuit Court yog ntub thiab luv luv, lossis cov khoom puas vim qhov kub thiab txias, xob laim thiab lwm yam yuav ua rau lub rooj tsav xwm Circuit Court tsis tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ib txwm. Piv txwv li, qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov cua kub dissipation kev ua tau zoo los yog qhov kub thiab txias ambient siab dhau lawm, ua rau qhov kub thiab txias hauv lub tshuab, kom cov khoom kub hnyiab tawm. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ib txwm muaj, yog tias cov khoom siv sab hauv ntawm qhov hloov pauv tsis tuaj yeem ua haujlwm zoo, nws yuav yog qhov rov qab tawg, qhov no, tib txoj hauv kev yog hloov lub nraub qaum. Tab sis tom qab hloov kho kho vajtse, daim phiaj hluav taws xob ntawm tib lub npe yuav muaj ntau yam qauv sib txawv. Feem ntau, cov haujlwm ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm tshiab yuav ua tau zoo nrog cov haujlwm ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm qub. Tab sis kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov qauv qub Circuit Court board yog tsis sib xws nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub rooj tsav xwm tshiab.
(5) Cable tsis ua haujlwm:
lub jumper txuas lub cable thiab cov khoom xa tawm yog siv los txuas cov modules, racks thiab khoom siv. Yog hais tias ib tug luv luv Circuit Court, qhib Circuit Court los yog tsis tseeb kev twb kev txuas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub cable core los yog jumper nyob rau hauv cov kev sib txuas cables, ib tug tsis ua hauj lwm ntawm kev sib txuas lus system yuav tsim. Los ntawm qhov kev xav saum toj no ntawm ntau qhov kev kho vajtse tsis zoo, qhov chaw tsis zoo ntawm chav tshuab yog yooj yim ua rau ntau yam khoom siv tsis ua haujlwm, yog li nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm lub tshuab chav tsev, lub tsev kho mob yuav tsum xub ua ib txoj hauj lwm zoo ntawm xob laim tiv thaiv grounding, fais fab mov, Qhov kub thiab txias hauv tsev, cov av noo hauv tsev, tiv thaiv hluav taws xob cuam tshuam, tiv thaiv zoo li qub thiab lwm yam kev tsim kho ib puag ncig, muab ib puag ncig zoo rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv network.
Software tsis ua haujlwm ntawm qhov hloov:
Software tsis ua hauj lwm ntawm kev hloov yog hais txog lub kaw lus thiab nws qhov kev teeb tsa tsis ua haujlwm, uas tuaj yeem muab faib ua pawg hauv qab no.
(1) system yuam kev:
Program BUG: Muaj qhov tsis xws luag hauv software programming. Qhov kev hloov pauv yog kev sib xyaw ntawm cov khoom siv kho vajtse thiab software. Hauv qhov hloov pauv, muaj lub cim xeeb nyeem nkaus xwb uas tuav lub software tsim nyog rau qhov kev hloov no. Vim yog vim li cas tus qauv tsim nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd, muaj qee qhov tsis zoo, thaum cov xwm txheej tsim nyog, nws yuav ua rau kev hloov pauv tag nrho, lub hnab poob, lub hnab tsis raug thiab lwm yam. Rau cov teeb meem zoo li no, peb yuav tsum tsim tus cwj pwm ntawm feem ntau tshawb xyuas cov vev xaib ntawm cov tuam txhab tsim khoom. Yog tias muaj qhov system tshiab lossis thaj chaw tshiab, thov hloov kho raws sijhawm.
(2) Kev teeb tsa tsis raug:
Vim hais tias rau qhov sib txawv hloov configurations, network tswj feem ntau muaj teeb meem yuam kev thaum configswitches. Qhov yuam kev tseem ceeb yog: 1. Cov ntaub ntawv yuam kev: cov ntaub ntawv kaw lus, suav nrog kev teeb tsa software, yog siv los txheeb xyuas tag nrho cov kab ke. Yog tias cov ntaub ntawv kaw lus tsis raug, nws tseem yuav ua rau kev ua tsis tiav ntawm qhov system, thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam rau tag nrho cov chaw sib pauv pauv.2. Bureau cov ntaub ntawv yuam kev: Cov ntaub ntawv bureau yog txhais raws li qhov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb ntawm kev sib pauv chaw ua haujlwm. Thaum cov ntaub ntawv tso cai tsis raug, nws tseem yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam rau tag nrho lub chaw ua haujlwm pauv.3. Tus neeg siv cov ntaub ntawv yuam kev: Cov neeg siv cov ntaub ntawv txhais cov xwm txheej ntawm txhua tus neeg siv. Yog tias tus neeg siv cov ntaub ntawv raug teeb tsa tsis raug, nws yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam rau qee tus neeg siv.4, kev teeb tsa kho vajtse tsis tsim nyog: kev teeb tsa kho vajtse yog txo cov hom ntawm lub rooj tsav xwm Circuit Court, thiab ib pab pawg lossis ntau pawg ntawm cov keyboards teem rau. lub rooj tsav xwm hauv Circuit Court, txhawm rau txheeb xyuas lub xeev kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub rooj tsav xwm Circuit Court lossis txoj haujlwm hauv lub system, yog tias cov khoom siv tsis raug teeb tsa kom raug, yuav ua rau lub rooj tsav xwm tsis zoo. Qhov kev ua tsis tiav no qee zaum nyuaj nrhiav, xav tau qee qhov kev paub dhau los. Yog tias koj tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab seb puas muaj teeb meem nrog kev teeb tsa, rov qab kho lub Hoobkas teeb tsa thiab tom qab ntawd ib kauj ruam dhau los. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los nyeem cov lus qhia ua ntej kev teeb tsa.
(3) Sab nraud yam:
Vim tias muaj cov kab mob los yog kev tawm tsam ntawm hacker, nws muaj peev xwm hais tias tus tswv tsev tuaj yeem xa ntau cov pob ntawv uas tsis ua raws li cov cai encapsulation mus rau qhov chaw nres nkoj sib txuas, ua rau lub tshuab hloov pauv tsis khoom, ua rau cov pob ntawv lig dhau lawm. mus rau pem hauv ntej, yog li ua rau buffer to thiab pob ntawv poob phenomenon. Lwm qhov xwm txheej yog cua daj cua dub tshaj tawm, uas tsis tsuas yog siv ntau lub network bandwidth, tab sis kuj siv sijhawm ntau CPU ua haujlwm. Yog tias lub network tau nyob los ntawm ntau cov ntaub ntawv tshaj tawm hauv xov tooj cua rau lub sijhawm ntev, kev sib txuas lus taw tes rau taw tes yuav tsis ua ib txwm ua, thiab lub network ceev yuav qeeb lossis tuag tes tuag taw.
Nyob rau hauv luv luv, software tsis ua hauj lwm yuav tsum nyuaj nrhiav dua hardware tsis ua hauj lwm. Thaum daws qhov teeb meem, nws yuav tsis tas siv nyiaj ntau dhau, tab sis xav tau sijhawm ntxiv. Tus thawj coj hauv lub network yuav tsum tsim tus cwj pwm ntawm kev khaws cov ntaub ntawv hauv lawv cov haujlwm txhua hnub. Thaum twg muaj qhov txhaum tshwm sim, sijhawm sau cov xwm txheej txhaum cai, txheej txheem kev soj ntsuam txhaum cai, kev daws txhaum, kev faib cov ntsiab lus txhaum cai thiab lwm yam haujlwm, txhawm rau txhawm rau khaws lawv cov kev paub dhau los. Tom qab daws txhua qhov teeb meem, peb yuav ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas lub hauv paus ntawm qhov teeb meem thiab kev daws teeb meem. Ua li no peb tuaj yeem txhim kho peb tus kheej tas li thiab ua tiav txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev tswj hwm network.
Post lub sij hawm: May-15-2024